The Cuban missile crisis—known as the October crisis in Cuba and the Caribbean crisis (Russian: KарибÑ�кий кризиÑ�) in the USSR—was a 13-day confrontation between the Soviet Union and Cuba on one side and the United States on the other; the crisis occurred in October 1962, during the Cold War. In August 1962, after some unsuccessful operations by the US to overthrow the Cuban regime (Bay of Pigs, Operation Mongoose), the Cuban and Soviet governments secretly began to build bases in Cuba for a number of medium-range and intermediate-range ballistic nuclear missiles (MRBMs and IRBMs) with the ability to strike most of the continental United States.On October 14, 1962, a United States Air Force U-2 plane on a photoreconnaissance mission captured photographic proof of Soviet missile bases under construction in Cuba. The ensuing crisis ranks with the Berlin Blockade, the Suez Crisis and the Yom Kippur War as one of the major confrontations of the Cold War, and it is generally regarded as the moment in which the Cold War came closest to turning into a nuclear conflict, or possibly World War III, with an American research center estimating that 100 million Americans and over 100 million Soviets would have perished.
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