The 10-second barrier is a term used in track and field athletics which refers to the physical and psychological barrier of completing the men's 100 metres sprint in under ten seconds.The barrier was first officially broken by American athlete Jim Hines on 14 October 1968. He ran a time of 9.95 seconds to win the 100 metres at the 1968 Olympics, setting a new world record. Almost nine years passed before the barrier was broken again; Silvio Leonard ran 9.98 seconds on 11 August 1977. Both of these marks were recorded at a high altitude, which aids performance due to lower air resistance.
Carl Lewis was the first sprinter to achieve the feat at a low altitude, with 9.97 seconds on 14 May 1983 at the Modesto Relays. Calvin Smith recorded a world record 9.93 seconds on 3 July 1983, and also became the first sprinter to run under ten seconds twice, repeating the feat in August that year.
A number of athletes broke the barrier during the 1980s but the 100 m final at the 1991 World Championships represented a new zenith in the event: six athletes ran under ten seconds in the same race, and winner Carl Lewis lowered the world record to 9.86 seconds. Maurice Greene was the first athlete to run under 9.80 seconds in 1999 and Usain Bolt surpassed 9.70 seconds in 2008 and 9.60 in 2009.
The 10-second barrier has been broken by athletes from five of the six continental athletic associations, the exception being of South America where Brazilian Robson da Silva holds the area record with ten seconds flat.
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "10 Second Barrier"
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